Wedding Customs and Traditions

Modern wedding customs and traditions have their origins in the past, many coming from the Middle Ages. The following explanations of these wedding customs will provide you with a better understanding of why we perform certain “rituals” in regards to weddings.

What Kind of Bride?

A January bride will be a prudent housekeeper, and very good tempered.
A February bride will be an affectionate wife, And a tender mother.
A March bride will be a frivolous catterbox, Somewhat given to quarreling.
An April bride will be inconsistent, or forceful, But well-meaning.
A May bride will be handsome, agreeable, and practical.
A June bride will be impetuous, And generous.
A July bride will be handsome, But a trifle quick-tempered.
An August bride will be agreeable, And practical as well.
A September bride will be discreet, affable, And much liked.
An October bride will be pretty, coquettish, Loving but jealous.
A November bride will be liberal and kind, But sometimes cold.
A December bride will be fond of novelty, Entertaining but extravagant.

Tie the Knot

In ancient Rome, the bride wore a girdle fastened with many tiny knots. The groom had the pleasure of untying all those knots before he could bed his new wife.

White Wedding Dress

Up until the 1400’s, the bride usually wore her best dress regardless of the color. It was Queen Victoria (1840) who began the present day fashion of wearing white as the wedding dress. It is also considered unlucky for the bride to make her own wedding dress.

Married in White, you have chosen right,
Married in Blue, your love will always be true,
Married in Pearl, you will live in a whirl,
Married in Brown, you will live in town,
Married in Red, you will wish yourself dead,
Married in Yellow, ashamed of your fellow,
Married in Green, ashamed to be seen,
Married in Pink, your spirit will sink,
Married in Grey, you will go far away,
Married in Black, you will wish yourself back.

Something Old, Something New…

Everyone has heard the following rhyme and it is very a part of modern day wedding customs and traditions:

Something old, something new
Something borrowed, something blue
And a silver sixpence in your shoe.

Something old signifies the life you had with friends and family previous to the marriage.

Something new signifies your future life with your new mate.

Something borrowed was usually something borrowed from a happy former bride to ensure the current bride’s happiness, and which is later returned.

Something blue represents the bride’s purity and faithfulness (this comes from the Jewish tradition where the bride wear’s blue to represent fidelity).

The silver sixpence in the shoe is to ensure wealth to the couple in their married life (most people now opt to put a penny in their shoe).

Cans Tied To The Bumper

Back in the Middle Ages, it was traditional for people to bang pots, ring cowbells and generally make a lot of discordant noise after the ceremony to ward off evil spirits. In modern history, it became traditional to tie tin cans to the bumper in reflection of this old practice.

Tossing The Garter

It used to be customary for the bride to remove her stocking garter and toss it to the men. However, as the men at that time tended to get rather drunk and rowdy, they would often grow impatient and proceed to remove the garter themselves. As you can imagine, this was not fun for the bride at all and could get quite nasty. Eventually, one bride got the brilliant idea to toss her bridal bouquet to the women instead…and much safer.

Engagement Rings

The giving of an “engagement” ring was first practiced when the groom “purchased” his bride. By giving a token, such as a ring, he pledged to marry her in return for her dowry and social status, among other things. The tradition of giving a diamond began with the Italians. It was believed that diamonds were created from the “flames of love” and represented everlasting love.

Wedding Bands

Egypt was the root of many wedding customs and traditions. The ancient Egyptians began the practice of wearing a wedding band. It was a symbol of unending love, since the ring has no beginning and no end. Giving a wedding band of gold represented purity. In medieval England, the practice of wearing the ring on the third finger of the left hand was because of the belief that the veins in the left hand led directly to the heart. By wearing the ring on this finger, the couple were “joined at the heart.”

Stag or Bachelor Parties

These rowdy parties were the invention of the Spartan Soldiers. It became customary for the groom to feast with his friends the night before the wedding, often celebrating his last night of freedom by getting severely drunk (not much has changed it seems). In modern times, women have decided they also want their night of fun, so now it is traditional for women to have Stagette or Bachelorette parties as well.

Bridal Shower

The bride’s friends would gather together to help prepare the bride for her wedding. Often, they would bring a small gift. It became popular in the 1800’s to place these gifts in a parasol and then open the parasol over the bride’s head, “showering” her with these gifts.

Another story on this tradition states that a Dutch maiden wished to marry a poor miller’s son. Her father did not approve of the match, as it was beneath her station and he refused to provide a dowry. In turn, the bride’s friends felt sorry for her, so they gathered together and “showered” her with many gifts so she would have a dowry to start her new home.

The Wedding Veil

Some wedding customs and traditions are still favored by the bride and the groom, although for different reasons. The bridal veil is one of the most fashionable accessories of the bride. But in addition to the groom not being allowed to see the bride before the ceremony, the veil was also used to protect the bride from being seen by evil spirits and jealous suitors (the one and the same perhaps?). To this day, it is considered bad luck for the groom to see the bride on her wedding day before the ceremony.

Tying Shoes To The Bumper of a Car

There are several different wedding customs that are referenced to shoes. In ancient Egypt, the bride’s father would hand her sandals to the groom, indicating that she now belonged to him.

In medieval England, it became popular for the people to throw their shoes at the bridal couple (why people would think to do this, for whatever the reason, is beyond me). It was considered lucky if the shoes hit the couple or their carriage.

In our modern day society, we just elect to tie the shoes to the bumper, which is a much wiser choice!

Cloudy or Sunny Day

There are several superstitions about how the weather will affect the couple’s life on the day of the marriage. Keep in mind, these are just superstitions.

Should the day be cloudy and rainy, it signifies that the marriage will be stormy. Should the day be sunny, the couple will have a bright future. Should it rain in the morning and be sunny in the afternoon, it will bring luck to the couple.

The Day and Month To Wed

Believe it or not, there were also superstitions on the day and month that a couple wed on, as the following 2 rhymes show:

Monday for wealth
Tuesday for health
Wednesday the best day of all
Thursday for losses
Friday for crosses
Saturday for no luck at all
Needless to say, marrying on Friday the 13th was the worst of luck. As for the months:

Married when the year is new, he’ll be loving, kind and true.
When February birds do mate, You wed nor dread your fate.
If you wed when March winds blow, joy and sorrow both you’ll know.
Marry in April when you can, Joy for Maiden and for Man.
Marry in the month of May, and you’ll surely rue the day.
Marry when June roses grow, over land and sea you’ll go.
Those who in July do wed, must labour for their daily bred.
Whoever wed in August be, many a change is sure to see
Marry in September’s shrine, your living will be rich and fine.
If in October you do marry, love will come but riches tarry.
If you wed in bleak November, only joys will come, remember.
When December snows fall fast, marry and true love will last.

The Wedding Kiss

This dates back to Roman times. The kiss was to seal the marriage legally between the couple and must be witnessed by another person.

The Wedding Banns

The Catholic Church implemented this custom. The announcement of the wedding was given for 3 consecutive Sundays before the wedding, so that if anyone had any objections, they could voice them. In today’s society, the Officiate at the wedding simply asks if anyone has any objections “or forever hold thy peace”.

Hand Festing/Fasting

It was a common practice for the bride and groom to hold hands and proclaim their unity to witnesses. The couple could then live for a year and a day as a married couple. After this time period had passed, should the couple wish to part ways, they could with no hard feelings. Should they wish to stay together, a priest was usually called in to perform the marriage rites to make the union legally binding.

The Bridal Party

The friends of the bride and those of the groom, would gather together to offer moral support and help prepare for the wedding. The bridal party would also dress in similar clothes as the couple, so evil spirits would be confused as to whom the bride and groom were.

Bridal Bouquet

A bridal bouquet signified the bride’s feelings toward the marriage, by the type of flowers she carried (see Flowers and Their Meanings). It became traditional for the bride to throw the bridal bouquet to the unmarried female guests (see Tossing the Garter above). The superstition is that whoever catches the bouquet will be the next to marry.

Throwing Rice

Rice grows abundantly and quickly, therefore it is a symbol for fertility. Guests would throw rice at the couple to ensure prosperity and fertility.

Wedding Bells

People would bring bells, pots, pans and any other thing that they could bang and make a loud discordant noise with. This was said to drive away the evil spirits who might be lingering near the couple.

Carrying The Bride Over The Threshold

It is said that if the bride stumbles while crossing the threshold to her new home, she will have a bumpy marriage. To avoid this, the groom picks her up and carries her over the threshold, thereby ensuring a happy and prosperous marriage.

The Honeymoon

This relates back to when the groom kidnapped the bride and kept her hidden away from her family. They often drank honeyed mead while in hiding for more than a month (one moon cycle)…hence the origins of the word honeymoon.

Honking of Car Horns

Again, this relates back to when the people of the village banged pots and pans after the ceremony to ward off evil spirits. In modern times, we blow car horns while following the bridal procession to the reception to announce the marriage.

Bride Stands To The Groom’s Left

In times past, sometimes a jealous suitor would try to take the bride away from the groom. The groom would hold the bride off to the side with his left hand, leaving his right hand free to grip his sword and fight. To this day, the bride stands to the groom’s left while marrying.